Diseased heart valves may need to be repaired or replaced. Most leaking mitral valves can be repaired. Aortic valves are harder to repair and more frequently need to be replaced.

Heart valve repair retains the normal tissue whereas replacement involves using an artificial valve.

There are two types of artificial valves, mechanical and biological. Biological valves consist of animal tissue usually from a pig or a cow, and usually do not require the use of blood thinning agents. Mechanical valves are made out of carbon polymers and metal and usually require blood thinner after insertion. The type of valve best suited for you depends on a variety of factors.